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Copyright credit: British Museum
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Copyright credit: British Museum
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Copyright credit: British Museum
ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WEIGHT
Authority
Gratian, Roman Emperor
;
Valens, Roman Emperor
;
Valentinian II, Roman Emperor
Mint
Rome
Denomination
1 Nomisma = 1 Solidus
Material
Copper alloy (bronze or brass)
Manufacture
Struck
Shape
Rectangle
Length
1.66 cm
Width
2.08 cm
Height
- cm
Metrology
| Mass (g) | Mass (grain) | Date of measurement | Reference | fragmented | cleaned | reference weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.73 | - | - | (scientific literature) | No | No | Yes |
Iconography
| Symbol | Technique | Direction | Position | Number | Synecdoche |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roman Emperor | Stamped / Countermarked / Struck | RIGHT | One | Bust | |
| Roman Emperor | Stamped / Countermarked / Struck | FACING | One | Bust | |
| Roman Emperor | Stamped / Countermarked / Struck | LEFT | One | Bust | |
| Laurel wreath | Stamped / Countermarked / Struck | One |
Wear
Corrosion
Handle
No
Suspension hole
No
Recarved mould
No
Recarved weight
No
Intentionally destroyed
No
Archaeological description
British Museum: Object Type: coin-weight. Museum number: 1848,0819.157. Description: Sub-rectangular; struck on the obverse with three imperial busts, diademed and wearing paludamenta; the central bust is frontal, the other two in profile, with the bust on the right being larger; reverse: within a wreath, an inscription in two lines: AV│CCC (Aug[usti]); patinated. State: Associated with: Roman Empire. Cultures/periods: Roman Imperial (West Roman Empire). Production date: 4thC(late). Dimensions: Length: Length: 20.80 millimetres. Weight: Weight: 3.73 grammes. Width: Width: 16.60 millimetres. Inscriptions: Inscription type: inscription. Inscription position: reverse. Inscription language: Latin. Inscription script: Latin. Inscription content: AV CC. Inscription translation: Augusti. Location: Not on display. Acquisition name: Purchased through: Sotheby's. Purchased from: Earls of Pembroke. Previous owner: Previous owner/ex-collection: Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke Acquisition date: 1848. Acquisition notes: Pembroke Collection. Bought from W.H.O. Cureton (1848). Department: Money and Medals.
Asolati 2022: Exagia solidi imperiali privi dell’indicazione esplicita della funzione: Valente, Graziano e Valentiniano II, 375–378 d.C., [exagium solidi]. Zecca non indicata: Roma (?). D/ Tre busti diademati, drappeggiati e corazzati; quello centrale di fronte e quelli laterali rivolti al centro; quello a d. di dimensioni maggiori, quelli al centro e a s. di dimensioni minori. R/ AV | GGG in corona. a. BM, 1848,0819.157: g 3,73; mm 20,8 × 16,6.
Asolati 2022: Exagia solidi imperiali privi dell’indicazione esplicita della funzione: Valente, Graziano e Valentiniano II, 375–378 d.C., [exagium solidi]. Zecca non indicata: Roma (?). D/ Tre busti diademati, drappeggiati e corazzati; quello centrale di fronte e quelli laterali rivolti al centro; quello a d. di dimensioni maggiori, quelli al centro e a s. di dimensioni minori. R/ AV | GGG in corona. a. BM, 1848,0819.157: g 3,73; mm 20,8 × 16,6.
Autopsy
No
INSCRIPTION
| Language | Technique | Legend type |
|---|---|---|
| Latin | Stamped / Countermarked / Struck | Authority |
Fac simile
A V
G G G
Edition
|| Au|g(usti).
Monogram
ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT
Findspot (region)
Findspot (site)
context
CIRCUMSTANCES OF ACQUISITION
Region
City
Date of first acquisition
Dec. 31, 1848
circumstances
DATING OF THE WEIGHT
Curatorial Section
LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE
Time frame
FROM
375
TO
378
Comments on Chronology
British Museum: suggests a production date during the late 4th century.
Asolati 2022: proposes a chronological range from 375 to 378.
Asolati 2022: proposes a chronological range from 375 to 378.
COLLECTION HISTORY
Collection
| Name | Date of acquisition | Inventory number |
|---|---|---|
| British Museum (London) | None | 1848,0819.157 |
Bibliography
| Reference | Page/Column | Reference (number) | Plate / Figure | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sabatier 1862 | 96 | 5 | pl. III/5 | None |
| Buckton 1994 | 47–48 | 28 | None | |
| Bendall 1996 | 17, 19 | 4b | fig. 4b | None |
| Entwistle 2002 | fig. 9 | None | ||
| Asolati 2022 | 264–265, 273 | 25a | Pl. IV/25a | None |
VARIA
Additional comment
British Museum: Department of Coins and Medals. Pembroke Collection 1848 erworben.
Asolati 2022: cf. Sabatier 1862, I, p. 96, n. 5 (Arcadio, Onorio e Teodosio II); Cohen 1880–1892, VIII, p. 190, n. 5 (Arcadio, Onorio e Teodosio II); Pink 1938, col. 77, n. 4 (Valentiniano I, Valente e Graziano, 367–375 d.C.); RIC X, p. 9 (“time of Theodosius I, c. 390”); Bendall 1996, n. 4b; Entwistle 1994, p. 47–48, n. 28; Entwistle 2002, fig. 9.
Asolati 2022: cf. Sabatier 1862, I, p. 96, n. 5 (Arcadio, Onorio e Teodosio II); Cohen 1880–1892, VIII, p. 190, n. 5 (Arcadio, Onorio e Teodosio II); Pink 1938, col. 77, n. 4 (Valentiniano I, Valente e Graziano, 367–375 d.C.); RIC X, p. 9 (“time of Theodosius I, c. 390”); Bendall 1996, n. 4b; Entwistle 1994, p. 47–48, n. 28; Entwistle 2002, fig. 9.
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